Spider venom includes different peptides and substances affecting sodium, calcium and potassium channels in neurons and also glutamate and acetylcholine receptors ( 4).Spider bite victims develop symptoms such as pain and swelling in the site of biting, necrosis, pyrexia, pulmonary edema, respiratory distress, hypertension, kidney dysfunction and death. Mortality due to spider bite is rare ( 2). The severity of reactions to spider venom depends on factors such as its amount, site of biting and its duration and age and health condition. Other spiders normally exhibit aggressive behavior after being trapped, injured or provoked. Their bite results in severe pain, neurotoxic effects, diaphoresis, severe allergic reaction and priapism ( 1). These large spiders are quite aggressive and their venom is pharmacologically highly toxic. The majority of venomous spiders are found in Latin America. There is only one aggressive spider named funnel-web in Australia, which attacks the human being without provocation. However, the majority of spiders do not bite humans and except for a few cases, they are not harmful to the human being or other mammals ( 2).Spider bites are common but the majority of species create little clinical presentations ( 3). Except for two small groups in the arachnid family, all spiders have poison glands and release their secretions into their venom sacs near their chelicerae. More than 40,000 species of spider have been identified to date but the real number is estimated at 4 times more than that number ( 3). Spiders are a large group of arachnids belonging to the araneae order ( 1).
The arachnid class has very diverse members in a way that more than 80,000 species belonging to that class have been identified to date. Along with ticks, mites and scorpions, spiders fall into the subphylum chelicerata and class of arachnids ( 1, 2). Arthropods have the largest number of species. Spiders belong to a branch of invertebrate animals called arthropods.
0 kommentar(er)
